Crop Reference Chart: Direct-Seeded Crops

Crop	Family	Rows per bed	Band width (inches)	In-row spacing (plants per foot)	In-row spacing (inches)	Planting depth (inches)	Final thinned spacing (plants per foot)	Infrastructure
Arugula, Baby	Brassica	4	2	60	0.2	0.125		Row cover
Bean, Pole	Legume	1		16	0.75	1		Bamboo pole (8 ft) towers; 3 Sisters formation
Beet	Chenopod	3		15	0.8	0.5	4
Callaloo	Amaranth	2		15	0.8	0.25	2
Carrot	Umbellifer	4	2	30	0.4	0.25-0.5	10
Choi, Large	Brassica	3		1	12	0.25-0.5		Row cover
Choi, Mini	Brassica	4		15	0.8	0.25-0.5	6	Row cover
Choy Sum	Brassica	4	2	15	0.8	0.25-0.5	6-15	Row cover
Cilantro	Umbellifer	4		15	0.8	0.25-0.5
Dill	Umbellifer	4		15	0.8	0.125-0.25	3
Fennel	Umbellifer	3		10	1.2	0.25	2
Garlic	Allium	4		2	6	2-3		Straw mulch
Kohlrabi	Brassica	3		10		0.5	3	Row cover
Mustard Mix	Brassica	4	2	60	0.2	0.25-0.5		Row cover
Onion, Bunching	Allium	4	2-3	48	0.25	0.25-0.5
Onion, Cipollini	Allium	4	2-4	24	0.5	0.25-0.5	12
Pea	Legume	1	2	24	0.5	0.5-1	15	Trellis netting
Potato	Nightshade	1		1.5	8	2-3
Radish	Brassica	4	3	35	0.3	0.5	15	Row cover
Radish, Large	Brassica	4	2-3	10	1.2	0.5	3	Row cover
Rapini	Brassica	2		12	1.0	0.5	6	Row cover
Spinach	Chenopod	4	2	40	0.3	0.25
Turnip	Brassica	4	2-4	10	1.2	0.25-0.5	6	Row cover

Guidelines For Use

These files are produced by the Urban Farm and are intended to be free and shared widely; they should not be altered, used for resale, or shared without proper credit.

This chart is developed for biointensive crop production in a rooftop market garden setting and is a living document that will be updated continually.

We use 30-inch wide in-ground raised beds and ensure rows are planted a minimum of 4 inches in from the bed shoulders.